![]() Occur when the skin or eyes come into contact with aggressive chemicals such as acids, alkalis or solvents. ![]() ![]() They are caused by an electric current passing through the body and can lead to tissue damage, internal damage and even cardiac arrest. This is the most common type caused by exposure to heat, such as flames, hot liquids, steam, or contact with hot objects. Here are some of the most common causes of burns: Causes of burnsīurns can occur for various reasons. What not to do with a burnĪ burn is damage to body tissues caused by the action of high temperature, chemicals (salts, acids, heavy metals) or ionizing radiation. Acute and perioperative care of the burn-injured patient. Anesthesiology. Bittner EA, Shank E, Woodson L, Martyn JA.Emergency Care of Pediatric Burns. Emerg Med Clin North Am. Garces´ Index: it is an index of prediction for mortality and is calculated according the following formula: 40 − age of patients + the percentage of burn body surfaces for 1 (burn type A), for 2 (AB) or for 3 (B).Burn surface: Defined as percentage of body according.Mechanisms of burns: classified as: flame, scalds, inflammables liquids explosion, and others mechanisms.Type of burn: superficial (A), intermediate (AB), and “full thickness” or (B).Pain to deep pressure, in the area of burn increased pain in surrounding areas of second- degree burn Treatment as for deep partial- thickness burns plus surgical excision and grafting at earliest possible time scarring and functional limitation more common if not grafted Waxy white to leathery dry and inelastic does not blanch absent pain sensation pain present to deep pressure: pain present in surrounding areas of second-degree burn Reticular dermis most skin appendages destroyedīlisters wet or waxy dry reduced blanching: decreased pain sensation to touch, pain present to deep pressureĬleaning topical agent sterile dressing possible surgical excision and grafting scarring common if not surgically excised and grafted earlier return of function with surgeryĮpidermis and dermis all skin appendages destroyed Superficial partial thickness (superficial second degree)īlisters moist, red, weeping blanches severe pain to touchĬleaning topical agent sterile dressing healing time 7–21 days hypertrophic scar rare return of full functionĭeep partial thickness (deep second degree) There is no feeling in the area since the nerve endings are destroyed. Fourth-degree burns go through both layers of the skin and underlying tissue as well as deeper tissue, possibly involving muscle and bone. The burn site may look white or blackened and charred.įourth-degree burns. They may go into the innermost layer of skin, the subcutaneous tissue. Third-degree burns destroy the epidermis and dermis. The burn site looks red, blistered, and may be swollen and painful. Second-degree burns involve the epidermis and part of the lower layer of skin, the dermis. Long-term tissue damage is rare and often consists of an increase or decrease in the skin color. The burn site is red, painful, dry, and with no blisters. First-degree burns affect only the outer layer of skin, the epidermis. Skin injuries due to ultraviolet radiation, radioactivity, electricity or chemicals, as well as respiratory damage resulting from smoke inhalation, are also considered to be burns.īurns are classified as first-, second-, third-degree, or fourth-degree depending on how deeply and severely they penetrate the skin’s surface.įirst-degree (superficial) burns. A burn is an injury to the skin or other organic tissue primarily caused by heat or due to radiation, radioactivity, electricity, friction or contact with chemicals.
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